memoirs of a battle brother download free

She became an international icon of resistance to racial segregation, and organized and collaborated with civil rights leaders, including Edgar Nixon and Martin Luther King Jr. Parks's act of defiance and the Montgomery bus boycott became important symbols of the movement. Gayle resulted in a November 1956 decision that bus segregation is unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. The case became bogged down in the state courts, but the federal Montgomery bus lawsuit Browder v.

Parks was not the first person to resist bus segregation, but the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) believed that she was the best candidate for seeing through a court challenge after her arrest for civil disobedience in violating Alabama segregation laws, and she helped inspire the Black community to boycott the Montgomery buses for over a year. Blake's order to vacate a row of four seats in the ' colored' section in favor of a White passenger, once the 'White' section was filled. On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks rejected bus driver James F. Parks became a NAACP activist in 1943, participating in several high-profile civil rights campaigns.

The United States Congress has honored her as 'the first lady of civil rights' and 'the mother of the freedom movement'. Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott.

Memoirs of a battle brother download free